Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction attenuates fibrosis in endometriosis through regulating PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

The present study aimed to investigate the protective role of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction(SFZY) against endometriosis fibrosis in mice, and decipher the underlying mechanism through the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) pathway. Eighty-five BALB/c female mice were randomly assigned into a blank group, a model group, high-, medium, and low-dose SFZY(SFZY-H, SFZY-M, and SFZY-L, respectively) groups, and a gestrinone suspension(YT) group. The model of endometriosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of uterine fragments. The mice in different groups were administrated with corresponding groups by gavage 14 days after modeling, and the blank group and model group with equal volume of distilled water by gavage. The treatment lasted for 14 days. The body weight, paw withdrawal latency caused by heat stimuli, and total weight of dissected ectopic focus were compared between different groups. The pathological changes of the ectopic tissue were observed via hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and Masson staining. Real-time PCR was employed to measure the mRNA levels of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and collagen type Ⅰ(collagen-Ⅰ) in the ectopic tissue. The protein levels of PTEN, Akt, mTOR, p-Akt, and p-mTOR in the ectopic tissue were determined by Western blot. Compared with the blank group, the modeling first decreased and then increased the body weight of mice, increased the total weight of ectopic focus, and shortened the paw withdrawal latency. Compared with the model group, SFZY and YT increased the body weight, prolonged the paw withdrawal latency, and decreased the weight of ectopic focus. Furthermore, the drug administration, especially SFZY-H and YT(P<0.01), recovered the pathological and reduced the area of collagen deposition. Compared with the blank group, the modeling up-regulated the mRNA levels of α-SMA and collagen-Ⅰ in the ectopic focus, and such up-regulation was attenuated after drug intervention, especially in the SFZY-H and YT groups(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the modeling down-regulated the protein level of PTEN and up-regulated the protein levels of Akt, mTOR, p-Akt, and p-mTOR(P<0.01, P<0.001). Drug administration, especially SFZY-H and YT, restored such changes(P<0.01). SFZY may significantly attenuate the focal fibrosis in the mouse model of endometriosis by regulating the PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Diagnosis and treatment strategies of 56 cases of middle ear myoclonus / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of middle ear myoclonus. Methods: Fifty-six cases of middle ear myoclonus were enrolled in Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University from September 2019 to August 2021, including 23 males and 33 females. The age ranged from 6 to 75 years, with a median age of 35 years; Forty-seven cases were unilateral tinnitus, nine cases were bilateral tinnitus. The time of tinnitus ranged from 20 days to 8 years. The voice characteristics, inducing factors, nature (frequency) of tinnitus, tympanic membrane conditions during tinnitus, audiological related tests, including long-term acoustic tympanogram, stapedius acoustic reflex, pure tone auditory threshold, short increment sensitivity test, alternate binaural loudness balance test, loudness discomfort threshold, vestibular function examination, facial electromyography, and imaging examination were recorded. Oral carbamazepine and/or surgical treatment were used. The patients were followed up for 6-24 months and the tinnitus changes were observed. Results: Tinnitus was diverse, including stepping on snow liking sound, rhythmic drumming, white noise, and so on. The inducing factors included external sound, body position change, touching the skin around the face and ears, speaking, chewing and blinking, etc. Forty-four cases were induced by single factor and 9 cases were induced by two or more factors. There was no definite inducing factor in 1 case. One patient had tinnitus with epilepsy. One case of traumatic facial paralysis after facial nerve decompression could induce tinnitus on the affected side when the auricle moved. Tympanic membrane flutter with the same frequency as tinnitus was found in 12 cases by otoscopy, and the waveform with the same frequency as tinnitus was found by long-term tympanogram examination. There were 7 patients with no tympanic membrane activity by otoscopy, the 7 cases also with the same frequency of tinnitus by long-term tympanogram examination, but the change rate of the waveform was faster than that of the patients with tympanic membrane flutter. All patients with tinnitus had no change in hearing. One case of tinnitus complicated with epilepsy (a 6-year-old child) was treated with antiepileptic drug (topiramate) and tinnitus subsided. One case suffered from tinnitus after facial nerve decompression for traumatic facial paralysis was not given special treatment. Fifty-four cases were treated with oral drug (carbamazepine), of which 10 cases were completely controlled and 23 cases were relieved; 21 cases were invalid. Among the 21 patients with no effect of carbamazepine treatment, 8 patients were treated by surgery, 7 patients had no tinnitus after surgery, 1 patient received three times of operation, and the third operation was followed up for 6 months, no tinnitus occurred again. The other 13 cases refused the surgical treatment due to personal reasons. Conclusions: Middle ear myoclonus tinnitus and the inducing factors manifestate diversity. Oral carbamazepine and other sedative drugs are effective for some patients, and surgical treatment is feasible for those who are ineffective for medication.

Age-related change in mitochondrial DNA copy number and its correlation with intrinsic capacity and body composition / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation of peripheral blood relative mitochondrial DNA copy number(mtDNAcn)with intrinsic capacity and body composition, and to identify potential biomarkers for healthy aging.Methods:Clinical data of 416 patients admitted to our hospital from September 2019 to June 2021 were consecutively collected.MtDNA was extracted from peripheral blood of these subjects, and mtDNAcn was determined by a real-time fluoresence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR). Intrinsic capacity assessment included 5 aspects that were exercise[Morse Fall Scale(MFS), Physiological Frailty Phenotype(PFP), Sarcopenia Questionnaire(SARC-CALF), Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB), Time Up and Go Test(TUG)]; vitality[Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA), Multidimensional Prognostic Index(MPI)]; cognition[Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)scale]; psychology[Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)]; sensory capacities[Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-the Comorbidity Index(CIRS-CI)]. To assess body composition, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure body fat, including trunk fat, total body fat, fat in the abdominal region, fat in the buttock region, and then to calculate fat index(FMI)and limb skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI).Results:Spearman correlation analysis showed that mtDNAcn had a negatively correlation with age( r=-0.176, P<0.05). After adjustment for gender and body mass index, partial correlation analysis showed mtDNAcn were still negatively correlated with age( r=-0.144, P<0.05). Furthermore, mtDNAcn was significantly correlated with 4 m gait speed, the scores of SARC-CalF, MFS, MNA, MMSE, MPI and its sub-scale's Activities of Daily Living(ADL)and Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire(SPMSQ)( r=0.171, -0.207, -0.163, 0.221, 0.184, -0.210, 0.241, -0.269, all P<0.05). After adjustment for age, gender and body mass index, partial correlation analysis showed mtDNAcn still had a significant correlation with gait speed, the scores of MFS, MNA, MPI and SPMSQ( r=0.170, -0.170, 0.148, -0.242, -0.188, all P<0.05). In addition, the Spearman correlation analysis showed that mtDNAcn was positively correlated with FMI, trunk fat, total body fat, abdominal fat and fat in the buttock region( r=0.168, 0.143, 0.175, 0.116, 0.199, all P<0.05). However, after adjustment for age and gender, mtDNAcn was only correlated with FMI, total body fat, fat in the buttock region( r=0.126, 0.131, 0.127, all P<0.05). On the other hand, multiple linear regression analysis showed that mtDNAcn was significantly correlated with age, gait speed, FMI, total body fat, fat in the buttock region, the scores of MFS, PFP, MNA and MPI( β=-0.191, 0.156, 0.126, 0.131, 0.125, -0.119, -0.145, 0.151, -0.171, all P<0.05). Conclusions:MtDNAcn is correlated with physical function, frailty, nutrition, falling, cognition and body composition, and may be considered as a biomarker for the evaluation of the locomotion and vitality of human intrinsic capacity.

Assessment of occupational health risk of noise in a plastic products enterprise / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To assess the occupational health risk of noise in a plastic products enterprise and determine the key risk Methods - points. The workplace of a plastic products enterprise and its 388 noise exposed workers were selected as the ， research subjects using a convenient sampling method. The noise intensity in the workplace of the enterprise was measured and - GBZ/T 229.4-2012 the individual noise exposure level and pure tone hearing test were carried out in the noise exposed workers. Classification of Occupational Hazards at Workplaces--Part 4： Occupational Exposure to Noise（ GBZ/T hereinafter referred to as 229.4-2012） - was used to evaluate the hazardous degree of noise in different posts. The risk of high frequency hearing loss （ ） - （ ） - ， ， HFHL and occupational noise induced deafness ONID in noise exposed workers in different posts at 45.0 50.0 55.0 and WS/T 754-2016 Guideline for Risk Management of Occupational Noise Hazard（ 60.0 years of age were predicted using hereinafter WS/T 754-2016）Results referred to as . The noise in the workplace of this plastic product enterprise was found to exceed the - occupational exposure limits with the rate of 46.6%. The maximum level of normalization of equivalent continuous A weighted - （ ） sound pressure level to a nominal 40 h working week of exposure to noise in workers of six posts was 84.0 93.0 dB A . - ， ， ， According to GBZ/T 229.4 2012 the noise hazards of the posts including extrusion premixing unloading and utility - ， maintenance were mild or moderate except for the film and packaging posts. According to WS/T 754 2016 the risks of HFHL in ， ， the film and packaging operators at age ≥50.0 years old were at acceptable risk and the risks of HFHL in operators of extrusion ， ， premixing unloading and utility maintenance at age ≥45.0 years old were at moderate risk or high risk. The risks of ONID for ， the film packaging and utility maintenance operators at age ≥55.0 years old were at acceptable risk or moderate risk. The risksof ONID for extrusion premixing and unloading operators at age ≥50.0 years old were at high risk. Extrusion operators with （ ） exposure to toluene below the occupational exposure limit had a higher risk of HFHL high risk than unloading operators （ ） Conclusion moderate risk at age 45.0 years with the same noise intensity. The noise exposure intensity is high in the ， workplace of the plastic product enterprise. The workers in posts of extrusion premixing and unloading are at high risk levels of HFHL and ONID.

Effect of Modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on Neural Angiogenesis and Pelvic Pain of Endometriosis with Syndrome of Cold Congeal and Blood Stasis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical curative effect of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on pelvic pain of endometriosis （EMT） with syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis and the influence on neural angiogenesis. MethodA total of 110 cases were divided into a control group （54 cases） and an observation group （56 cases） by the random number table method. Patients in the control group took Aifu Nuangong pills with 6 g/time and 2 times/day. Patients in the observation group took modified Shaofu Zhuyutang with 1 dose/day. Course of treatment continued for 3 menstrual cycles. Dysmenorrhea， other symptoms and signs of pelvic pain， and the EMT health profile-5 （EHP-5） for patients with syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis and EMT were scored before and after treatment. The levels of peripheral blood nerve growth factor （NGF）， substance P （SP）， calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase（sFlt-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and insulin growth factor-1 （IGF-1） were detected before and after treatment. The levels of prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）， cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and other inflammatory factors were detected before and after treatment. The pain medication usage and recurrence were recorded. ResultThe scores of dysmenorrhea， symptoms of pelvic pain symptoms （non-menstrual pelvic pain， dyspareunia， anal falling pain， and defecation pain， etc.）， and signs of pelvic pain （pelvic tenderness and sacral ligament tender nodules） in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）. The disappearance rates of dysmenorrhea， pelvic tenderness， and sacral ligament tender nodules were 67.35% （33/49）， 73.33% （33/45）， and 77.27% （34/44） in the observation group， which were all higher than 45.83% （22/48）， 48.84% （21/43）， and 52.27% （23/44） in the control group. The difference was statistically significant （χ2=4.571， χ2=5.565， χ2=6.026， P<0.05）. The scores of EHP-5 and syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）. The levels of VEGF， MMP-9， IGF-1， NGF， SP， CGRP， and BDNF in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）， while the level of sFlt-1 was higher than that in the control group （P<0.01）. The levels of PGE2， COX-2， TNF-α， and IL-6 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）. The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.45% （49/53）， which was higher than 76.00% （38/50） of the control group （χ2=5.307， P<0.05）. After 6 months of follow-up， the recurrence rate in the observation group was 30.61% （15/49）， which was lower than 52.63% （20/38） in the control group （χ2=4.315， P<0.05）. The average of taking ibuprofen sustained-release capsules in the control group was higher than that in the observation group per menstrual period （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Shaofu Zhuyutang treated pelvic pain of EMT with syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis by regulating the mechanism of neural angiogenesis， reducing pain， and promoting the disappearance of related pains， thus improving the quality of life. Shaofu Zhuyutang has a better clinical effect than Aifu Nuangong pills and has a low recurrence rate.

Analysis of diagnosis and treatment of adrenal lymphangioma / 中华泌尿外科杂志

By summarizing and analyzing the clinical diagnosis and treatment experience of 17 cases of adrenal lymphangioma, the imaging characteristics and pathological types of the disease were discussed. The results showed that the imaging of adrenal lymphangioma was non-specific, and the appearance was similar to that of general cysts.Howerer, the density of the cyst was slightly higher than that of simple cysts. Some cases showed calcification on the cyst wall, and a few showed adenoma-like appearance. The diagnosis mainly depends on pathological examination. For those patients with tumors ≥4.0 cm, endocrine function, suspected malignancy, or obvious clinical symptoms, surgery is recommended.

Mechanism of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction in treatment of EMT induced dysmenorrhea based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 中国中药杂志

Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine(BATMAN-TCM) were searched for the effective components and targets of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction. The relevant targets for endometriosis(EMT) and dysmenorrhea were retrieved from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database(CTD), Therapeutic Target Database(TTD), GeneCards, and DisGeNET with the terms of "endometriosis" and "dysmenorrhea". Cytoscape 3.8.0 was employed to construct the drug-active component-therapeutic target network. A protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was established by STRING 11.0. Analyze Network, the plug-in in the Cytoscape 3.8.0, was used to calculate the topological parameters of the nodes and screen out the critical proteins in the network. The potential therapeutic targets were imported into RStudio and subjected to Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analyses with clusterProfiler package. Finally, the AutoDock Vina(Vina) platform was used for molecular docking to predict the binding degree of the main active components of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction to key targets. As revealed by the screening results, 136 active components and 380 targets of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction were obtained. Additionally, there were 1 627 targets related to EMT and 142 targets related to dysmenorrhea with 107 common targets, and 42 potential therapeutic targets of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction for the treatment of EMT-induced dysmenorrhea. The targets such as interleukin 6(IL6) and prostaglandi-nendoperoxide synthase-2(PTGS2) were pivotal in the biological network of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction intervention in EMT-induced dysmenorrhea, which involved multiple signaling pathways, including inflammation, hormones, and those promoted cell proliferation [e.g., mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase(PI3 K)-protein kinase B(AKT)]. The results of molecular docking showed that the active components of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction had good binding capacities to key targets such as IL6 and PTGS2. The findings of this study demonstrated that Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction could treat EMT-induced dysmenorrhea through multiple targets and multiple pathways, which could provide new ideas for investigating the underlying mechanism of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction in the treatment of EMT-induced dysmenorrhea.

Progress in Advanced Glycation End-Products Effects on Biomechanics of Bone Tissues / 医用生物力学

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are the products of non-enzymatic reactions between free amino groups of macromolecules and reducing sugars. AGEs accumulation in bone tissues changes the activity and function of bone cells by binding to their surface receptors, causing abnormalities in the process of bone remodeling. AGEs accumulation can also change the original structure and mineral deposition of bone collagen, affect the micro-mechanical properties of bone tissues, and further reduce bone strength and toughness, increase the bone fracture risk, which will lead to bone diseases and do great harm to human health. This article summarized the causes of AGEs and their detection methods, and reviewed previous studies about the effects of AGEs accumulation on bone biomechanics at micro and macro levels, so as to provide references for the early diagnosis and treatment of bone diseases in clinic.

Difference in cell biological behavior and ultraviolet radiation effect between double-head and unilateral pterygium fibroblasts cultured in vitro / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To explore the difference in the proliferation, migration and ultraviolet radiation effect between double-head and unilateral pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs) cultured in vitro. Methods:Pterygium tissue was obtained from patients who underwent pterygium excision with conjunctival transposition from March 2017 to March 2018 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.Nineteen cases with bilateral pterygium and 19 cases with unilateral pterygium were selected for this research.Twelve cases of normal conjunctival tissue were obtained from donor eyes.The fibroblasts were divided into HPFs-nasal (HPFs-N), HPFs-temporal (HPFs-T), unilateral HPFs and human conjunctiva fibroblasts (HCFs), which was taken from the nasal side of the bilateral pterygium, the temporal side of the bilateral pterygium, the unilateral pterygium and the normal conjunctiva, respectively.Human pterygium and normal conjunctival fibroblasts were isolated and cultured by tissue culture method.The fibroblasts were divided into an ultraviolet irradiation group and a normal light illumination group.The cell growth curve was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.The cell scratch healing rate was detected by the cell scratch test after 48 hours.The expression of α-smooth muscle actin αwas detected by immunofluorescence staining, and the number of positive cells in each group was compared.The fibroblasts cultured in vitro were irradiated with ultraviolet irradiation, and the cell scratch healing rate, growth curve and expression of α-SMA were observed.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject. Results:The pterygium and conjunctival fibroblasts were spindle shaped, and the growth rate was gradually increased from day 1 to day 7.The growth rate of HPFs-N was the fastest, and the growth rate of HCFs was the slowest.The growth rate of the four types of fibroblasts was significantly increased after exposure to ultraviolet.There were significant differences in the cell scratch healing rates and α-SMA positive cell expression rates among the four fibroblast types under different lighting conditions ( Fgroup=158.064, P<0.05; Fcell type=326.582, P<0.05. Fgroup=4.731, P<0.05; Fcell type=172.813, P<0.05), of which the scratches healing rate in the HPFs-N cells after 48 hours under the normal light conditions was (79.67±0.86)%, which was significantly higher than HPFs-T ([54.04±0.33]%), unilateral HPFs ([64.12±0.21]%) and HCFs ([58.86±0.41]%), the α-SMA positive cell expression rate in the HPFs-N cells after 48 hours under the normal light conditions was (28.87±1.02)%, which was significantly higher than that in HPFs-T ([13.67±0.23]%), unilateral HPFs ([20.35±1.72]%) and HCFs ([5.12±0.45]%) (all at P<0.05); the cell scratch healing rates and α-SMA positive cell expression rates were significantly increased in the ultraviolet irradiation group than those in the normal light illumination group (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:The nasal side of double-head pterygium fibroblasts is more proliferous and more migratory than that of the unilateral pterygium, the expression of α-SMA is also increased, which can be further enhanced by ultraviolet irradiation.

Empirical Analysis and Modern Research of Zhenwutang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Zhenwutang is the classic formula of Wenyang Lishui in " <italic>Treatise on Febrile Diseases</italic>" . It consists of five kinds of medicines, namely Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, Paeoniae Radix Alba or Paeoniae Radix Rubra. It has been included in the <italic>Catalogue of Ancient Classics</italic> (<italic>The First Batch</italic>) issued by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018.There are two articles in the " <italic>Treatise on Febrile Disease</italic>s" about the syndromes of Zhenwutang. On the basis of Article 82 of the Chapter of Taiyang disease, the Taiyang disease is demonstrated by sweating, but after that the patient still suffers from fever, epigastric throb, dizziness and shiver, this shall be treated with Zhenwutang. According to Article 316 of the chapter of Shaoyin disease, Shaoyin disease lasts for two or three days, until the fourth and fifth days, and is demonstrated by abdominal pain, difficult urination, severe pain in the limbs and diarrhea, the patient have a cough, diuresis, diarrhea and vomit, this shall be treated with Zhenwutang. The original texts discuss the basic pathogenesis is edema syndrome due to Yin and Yang deficiency, with symptoms of unfavorable urination, heavy limbs or edema, pale tongue, white moss and heavy pulse as dialectical points. In terms of the compatibility of prescriptions, usage and dosage, and the interpretation of prescriptions, this paper examines Zhenwutang syndromes in " Treatise on Febrilediseases" , summarizes the material basic research of Zhenwutang, and provides the basis for the quality control of its compound pharmacodynamics. This study summarizes the progress of pharmacological research for Zhenwutang in recent years, finds that Zhenwutang has many efficacies, such as cardiotonic, diuretic, lowering lipid, anti-oxidation, improving renal function and balancing of water and liquid metabolism, lists traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes treated with Zhenwutang, such as heart palpitations, edema, cough, abdominal pain, sipping, dizziness, and Western medicine diseases, like congestive heart failure, pulmonary heart disease, bronchial asthma, chronic colitis, cirrhosis, ascites, chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure, benign prostatic hyperplasia and Meniere's syndrome, expounds the principle of Zhenwutang for " treating different diseases with the same therapy" , in order to provide useful reference for the research and development and clinical application of Zhenwutang and more classic prescriptions.

Theory Analysis on Absorption of Exogenous Substances in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The safety of traditional Chinese medicine is affected by many factors, and the influence of exogenous harmful substances has been concerned and become a hot spot in recent years, especially heavy metals, pesticide residues and some other harmful substances. In order to explore the effects of non-soil and non-pesticide treatment on residues of these two harmful substances, the heavy metals and agricultural residues of Lilii Bulbus were detected, and the correlation of the data was analyzed. In this experiment, heavy metals and pesticide residues of Scrophulariae Radix were detected, and correlation analysis was conducted for their data. The mechanism of transport phase was interpreted with statistical moment similarity tool of total fingerprint by supramolecular chemistry theory. A large number of experimental data in this paper showed that heavy metals and pesticide contents in Lilii Bulbus basaltifolia had a positive correlation, which was closely related to supramolecular phenomena. Moreover, the similarity of fingerprints between Lilii Bulbus and Scrophulariae Radix suggested that Lilii Bulbus and Scrophulariae Radixa had a high selectivity in absorption of agricultural residues, which proved that the absorption of pesticides in Lilii Bulbus and Scrophulariae Radix from different habitats had the function of supramolecular imprinting template. It was considered that medicinal plant was a giant complex supramolecule with various levels of " imprinted template" . Heavy metals and agricultural residues were also involved in plant growth, forming an " imprinted template" for the formation of supramolecules between agricultural residues and heavy metals. After heavy metals and agricultural residues formed supramolecules, their liposolubility and permeability changed in varying degrees, and their transport in medicinal plants was promoted. Finally, the heavy metal supramolecules of pesticides were absorbed, distributed, aggregated and accumulated in plants. The purpose of the study was to reveal the mechanism of heavy metal and pesticide supramolecule transport, provide a new direction for the treatment of heavy metals and pesticide residues, and ensure the safety of traditional Chinese medicine.

Simultaneous determination of six anthraquinone components in Arnebia euchroma by QAMS / 中草药

Objective: To establish a new method for the quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) to simultaneous determine six naphthoquinone components in Arnebia euchroma. Methods: The chromatographic peaks of the main naphthoquinone components in A. euchroma were identified by high resolution LC-MS. The acetyl Shikonin was used as internal marker to calculate the relative correlation factors (RCF) of deoxyshikonin, isobutyrylshikonin, β-acetoxyisovalerate shikonin, and β,β'-dimethylacryloyl shikonin by HPLC, and examine the durability and reproducibility of the RCF. The external standard method and QAMS were compared to determine the six components in A. euchroma. Results: The repeatability of RCF was good. The results calculated with QAMS were consistent with the results by the external standard method. Conclusion: The QAMS method for simultaneously measuring the content of six components is accurate and reliable to evaluate the quality of A. euchroma.

Analysis on “Point-line-surface” Quality Standard of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: Based on the analysis of the total components of fingerprint and the determination methods of the existing components in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the "point-line-surface" quality standard of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang was established by the "point" of each single component (morroniside, loganin, paeoniflorin, ferulic acid and verbascoside) to the "line" of multicomponent and the "face" of fingerprint of the whole component. Method: XB-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was used for gradient elution of 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile. The column temperature was 30℃, the injection volume was 10 μL, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, and the detection wavelengths were 240, 316, 230, 334 nm. The contents of these five components in Yangjing Zhongyu Tang were determined by three correction methods, external standard method and regression equation method. At the same time, the fingerprint of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang were analyzed by total component analysis and similarity evaluation. Result: With ferulic acid as reference, the relative correction factor (f) of morroniside, loganin, paeoniflorin and verbascoside were 0.392 1, 0.421 4, 0.261 7, 0.268 6 by multi-point correction method, and their f (slope correction method) were 0.385 4, 0.419 4, 0.255 9, 0.274 0, respectively. Twenty characteristic peaks of fingerprint were analyzed and the similarity was ≥ 0.999.There was no significant difference in the contents of these five components from Yangjing Zhongyu Tang determined by the quantitative assay of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) correction method, the external standard method and the regression equation method. Conclusion: The comprehensive quality standard established by the total component analysis of fingerprint combined with various determination methods of existing components in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia has been validated in famous classical formula of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang, which can provide ideas and methods for the quality control with quantitative determination and fingerprint of other famous classical formulas.

Interpretation of Prescription and Syndrome of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang and Its Modern Research Progress / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Yangjing Zhongyu Tang, from FU Qing-zhu Nvke, is a famous classical formula of clinical value for treating blood deficiency syndrome of female infertility in the Qing dynasty. The prescription seems plain, but it is rigorous and effective with high research value. In this paper, the ancient books and modern documents of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang were analyzed from the aspects of traceability of Chinese materia medica in the formula, pharmacological research, clinical research, etc. It could be concluded that the pharmacological studies of this formula were mostly to investigate the mechanism and efficacy of its treatment for infertility, but there was a lack of comprehensive interpretation of the structure, function and principle of pharmacodynamic substance in this formula. In this paper, combined with the contents of supramolecular imprinting template and network pharmacology, the new direction of pharmacological research of Chinese medicine compound was put forward. Quality control of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang mostly based on small molecule compounds, so it was suggested to break the inherent thinking, and increase the detection of macromolecule compounds and supramolecular of Chinese materia medica. The druggability of this formula involved in the preliminary study of decoctions, plasters and granules. Considering the quality stability of Chinese materia medica in the formula and the scientificity of druggability of this formula, the compatibility principle of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern supramolecular chemistry theory could be combined to study the change law of druggability of TCM before and after compatibility, so as to provide new reference materials for the follow-up clinical application and development of Yangjing Zhongyu Tang.

Optimization of Extraction Technology for Qinhao Nasal Drops by Multi-index Comprehensive Evaluation Method / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To optimize extraction process of Qinhao Nasal Drops by multi-index comprehensive evaluation Method. Methods With L9(34) orthogonal design, the content of rupestonic acid, chlorogenic acid, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, total flavonoids and extract yield were set as indexes, and extraction technology of Qinhao Nasal Drops was optimized.Results Optimum extraction technology was:12 times amount of 60% ethanol, extracted three times. Conclusion The optimized extraction technology is simple, practical, and adapt to the production needs, which can be used as the basis for reasonable development of the preparation.

Study on Quality Standard of Compound Lavandula angustifolia Ointment / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Compound Lavandula angustifolia ointment. METHODS:TLC was used for the qualitative identification of ethanol extract from Scutellaria baicalensis and volatile oil of L. angustifolia. GC method was used for qualitative identification of dementholized peppermint oil. GC method was used to determine the content of menthol. The determination was performed on Agilent DB-WAX capillary column,with temperature programming. The injector temperature was 250℃,and the temperature of detector was 250℃.The injection volume was 1 μL and the split ratio was 5:1 by split sampling. RESULTS:TLC spots of ethanol extract of S. baicalensis and volatile oil of L. angustifolia were clear and well-repeated without interference from negative control. The chromatographic peaks in TLC of test samples of dementholized peppermint oil had same retention time as that of substance control.The linear range of menthol injection amount was 0.113 4-1.133 5μg (r=0.999 4). RSDs of precision,intra-day precision,stability and reproducibility tests were not higher than 2.0%. The recoveries were 95.40%-99.82%(RSD=1.61%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:Established quality standard can be used for the quality control of Compound L.angustifolia ointment.

Progress and challenge of neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer / 临床外科杂志

With the development of medical technology,the treatment of breast cancer has en-tered into a comprehensive treatment age which combines chemotherapy,radiotherapy,endocrine therapy and molecular targeting therapy from the time of local treatment. Neoadjuvant therapy has been widely ap-plied in clinic due to many advantages,such as lowering the primary breast tumor and axillary lymph node,improving breast conserving rate and predicting drug sensitivity. With the emergence of molecular typing of breast cancer,neoadjuvant therapy has changed from primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy to the comprehensive treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy,neoadjuvant endocrine therapy and neoadjuvant targeted therapy. Here is a review of the progress of neoadjuvant therapy,evaluation of curative effect,se-lection of operation mode and challenges of neoadjuvant therapy from different molecular typing of breast cancer.

Research Progress on Nitrite Electrochemical Sensor / 分析化学

Nitrite has been widely used in industrial and agricultural production,and is commonly found in food,drinking water,biology sample and environment.However,nitrite is a toxic inorganic pollutant that is very harmful to the health of human.A variety of strategies have been proposed for nitrite detection in recent years.Electrochemical approaches have gained more and more attention owing to simplicity,rapidity,sensitivity,low cost,etc.The research progresses of nanocomposite material sensor for electrochemical detection of nitrite based on carbon material,metal material,metal organic frameworks,and conducting polymer and enzyme in recent years are introduced from the perspective of composite electrode modification layer.The construction approaches and sensing performances of modified electrode are put special emphasis.At last,future trends of nitrite electrochemical sensor are also discussed.

Data analysis of non-invasive prenatal testing based on special loci in cell-free fetal DNA / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE To analyze the data of non-invasive prenatal testing based on specific loci of circulating cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA). METHODS Selected loci of target chromosomes were analyzed by sequence capture and sequencing. Meanwhile, 600 loci were selected from other chromosomes for determining the concentration of cffDNA. RESULTS A total of 768 specific loci were captured on chromosomes 21 and 18, and used to determine whether the two were abnormal. When the minimum concentration of detected cffDNA was set at 3% and the threshold of Z score was set to [-6,6], the specificity of the analysis was 99.37% and the sensitivity was 100%. CONCLUSION A reliable, convenient and low-cost analytical method has been developed. The method requires less sequencing data for non-invasive prenatal testing, and can accurately detect abnormalities of fetal chromosomes 21 and 18, and simultaneously determine the concentration of cffDNA.

Long-term follow-up study of topiramate in the treatment of symptomatic epilepsy in infants / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the long-term efficacy and safety of topiramate in the treatment of symptomatic epilepsy in infants.Methods Fifty infants with symptomatic epilepsy were collected.The monotherapy was started with topiramate from April 2012 to April 2013,including 26 males and 24 females.The effective rate,retention rate and adverse effects after using the medication at 1 year,2 years,3 years,4 years were evaluated.Kaplan -Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to calculate the retention rate and analyze the risk factors for retention rate.Results From the beginning of using the medicine,the effective rate was 66.00％ at 1 year,61.90％ at 2 years,58.33％ at 3 years,and 53.33％ at 4 years,respectively.The rates of complete remission were 44.00％,42.86％,41.67％,36.67％ at 1 year,2 years,3 years,4 years,respectively.The main adverse effects of topiramate were drowsiness,hypodynamia,weight loss,anepithymia,vomit,diarrhea,hypohidrosis,slowly thinking active,attention disorders,etc.The retention rate was 84.00％ at 1 year,72.00％ at 2 years,60.00％ at 3 years,and 48.00％ at 4 years.The main causes of stopping medication were lower curative effect of topiramate monotherapy and side effects.Conclusion Topiramate in the treatment of infants with symptomatic epilepsy has good effect and safety,with higher retention rate in a long-term follow-up.The major factors that affect the retention rate are lower curative effect and adverse reactions.Slowly add quantity and low dose treatment can reduce adverse drug reactions,improve compliance and increase retention rate.